République Tunisienne  
Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Ressources Hydrauliques et de la Pêche

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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Dromedary Camels in Africa and Middle East > Description


 
Date de publication 2019
Télécharger Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Dromedary Camels in Africa and Middle East
Auteurs 

Ahmed Kandeil , Mokhtar Gomaa , Ahmed Nageh , Mahmoud M. Shehata ,
Ahmed E. Kayed , Jamal S. M. Sabir , Awatef Abiadh , Jamel Jrijer , Zuhair Amr ,
Mounir Abi Said , Denis K. Byarugaba , Fred Wabwire-Mangen , Titus Tugume ,
Nadira S. Mohamed , Roba Attar , Sabah M. Hassan , Sabah Abdulaziz Linjawi,
Yassmin Moatassim , Omnia Kutkat , Sara Mahmoud , Ola Bagato , Noura M. Abo Shama ,
Rabeh El-Shesheny , Ahmed Mostafa , Ranawaka A. P. M. Perera , Daniel K. W. Chu ,
Nagla Hassan , Basma Elsokary , Ahmed Saad , Heba Sobhy , Ihab El Masry ,
Pamela P. McKenzie , Richard J.Webby , Malik Peiris , Yilma J. Makonnen,
Mohamed A. Ali and Ghazi Kayali

Mots clés

MERS coronavirus; surveillance; virus infection; epidemiology; virus transmission

Résumé

Dromedary camels are the natural reservoirs of the Middle East respiratory syndrome
coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Camels are mostly bred in East African countries then exported into Africa
and Middle East for consumption. To understand the distribution of MERS-CoV among camels in
North Africa and the Middle East, we conducted surveillance in Egypt, Senegal, Tunisia, Uganda,
Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq. We also performed longitudinal studies of three camel herds in
Egypt and Jordan to elucidate MERS-CoV infection and transmission. Between 2016 and 2018, a total
of 4027 nasal swabs and 3267 serum samples were collected from all countries. Real- time PCR
revealed that MERS-CoV RNA was detected in nasal swab samples from Egypt, Senegal, Tunisia,
and Saudi Arabia. Microneutralization assay showed that antibodies were detected in all countries.
Positive PCR samples were partially sequenced, and a phylogenetic tree was built. The tree suggested
that all sequences are of clade C and sequences from camels in Egypt formed a separate group
from previously published sequences. Longitudinal studies showed high seroprevalence in adult
camels. These results indicate the widespread distribution of the virus in camels. A systematic active
surveillance and longitudinal studies for MERS-CoV are needed to understand the epidemiology of
the disease and dynamics of viral infection.

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